Editing versus proofreading
Proofreading corrects surface errors. Editing may also address clarity, flow, academic tone, consistency and structural presentation. The quotation should state which level applies.
Resource centre
Practical guidance to help authors understand editorial support, prepare complete files and make informed decisions about their documents.
Free checklist
A concise preparation checklist covering the correct file, applicable guidelines, editing scope, referencing materials and final author checks.
Download the PDF ↓Correct document
02Requirements
03Scope and deadline
04Technical materials
05Final confirmation
Essential guidance
Proofreading corrects surface errors. Editing may also address clarity, flow, academic tone, consistency and structural presentation. The quotation should state which level applies.
Proposed changes remain visible for the author to accept or reject. Comments identify questions, inconsistencies or decisions that require author judgement.
Supply the required style guide, complete reference list and source details. A reference audit cannot verify missing or inaccessible evidence reliably.
The author remains responsible for factual accuracy, data, interpretations, originality and compliance with institutional academic-integrity rules.